Electronic Contracts Modernization

An Unusual Request free essay sample

An abnormal solicitation. For what reason did I at any point endeavor to support that man? For what reason would i say i was so absurd? I ought to have suspected foul play. Agreeing to that solicitation experiences caused me so much difficulty. I ought to have been increasingly mindful. Relating back to that episode, I felt how dimwitted I had been†¦ in the first part of the day, the searing and blasting blistering sun shone savagely towards planet earth, heating the ground furiously. Sitting before my examination table, the threatening warmth of the sun had just begun to drive body work out of me. Part of the way through examining, I gazed into space as fatigue started crawled me. I chose to go down to the recreation center alongside my home for a walk. As I entered the recreation center, the natural air sifted my noses. The cool wind stroked my cheeks. I witness adorable infant feathered creatures tweeting pleasantly. The giggling and delight of the kids in the recreation center made felt a spot of envy as they could make the most of their lives while I needed to battle with my investigations. We will compose a custom exposition test on An Unusual Request or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The recreation center appeared to be more tranquil than any time in recent memory with the new green grass and clear blue mists filling the foundation. At an occasion, a man with a manufactured body came running towards me. He was wearing a dull blue hoody and a shades. He had an appalling scar over his cheek. He had this screwy look in his eyes. He was holding a dubious looking package. Gasping enthusiastically, he begun† pardon me kid, would you be able to assist me with holding this package while I drive my vehicle over to the side of the road? † I gave him a curious look and afterward hesitantly consented to support him. He gave me a frightening grin and said thanks to me for my assistance. I sat tight for him for around 20 minutes however he neglected to show up. I began getting on edge, stressing over where he had gone. At that point just wondering, I chose to look at what was inside the package. I painstakingly opened the package and the most horrifying sight had come upon me. A grisly head, without a body, gazed inertly at me. I tossed the case noticeable all around in stun and yelled madly. I about vomited at the disturbing scene. I got my cell phone out of my pocket with trembling hands and made a moment police report. The police showed up in the speed of light and they ready huge amounts of inquiries, giving me a huge migraine. I later needed to come back to the police headquarters with them and document a police report. I murmured at the difficulty I got myself into. I had caused myself so much superfluous issues from this occurrence. I pledge to spectatculate situations when outsiders request that I help and reconsider before I act. I will never permit a similar error to happen until the end of time. This occurrence will draw in my psyche forever†¦

Is It Possible to Take an Adderall Overdose

Is It Possible to Take an Adderall Overdose Addiction Drug Use Prescription Medications Print Is It Possible to Overdose on Adderall? Adderall Is a Popular Study Drug That Is Often Abused By Amy Morin, LCSW facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our editorial policy Amy Morin, LCSW Updated on January 28, 2020 Jonathan Bielaski / Light Imaging/First Light / Getty Images Plus   More in Addiction Drug Use Prescription Medications Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Opioids Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Adderall (amphetamine dextroamphetamine) is commonly prescribed to treat ADHD and narcolepsy. It’s considered a schedule II controlled substance with high potential for abuse. It is possible to overdose on Adderall. In some cases, an Adderall overdose can be lethal. Standard Dose Adderall increases alertness, attention, and energy by increasing the activity of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. The standard daily dose of Adderall is 2.5 to 60 mg daily. It is available in 5 mg, 7.5 mg, 10 mg, 12.5 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg, and 30 mg strengths. It’s also available in an extended release (XR) 15 mg tablet. Like with most medications, Adderall can cause side effects even when it’s taken as prescribed and in a low dose. Common side effects of Adderall may include: Loss of appetiteDry mouthWeight lossDiarrheaStomachacheDizzinessInsomniaHeadache These side effects usually aren’t serious. However, if you experience side effects, it’s important to communicate the issues with your doctor. Your physician may offer advice on how to reduce side effects, change the dose or switch you to a different medication. You should never take more than your prescribed dose and you should never take anyone else’s prescription medication. If you think your current dose isn’t effective, talk to your doctor. Don’t attempt to resolve the issue by taking a larger dose. 7 Tips for Preparing Yourself to Take ADHD Medication Misuse and Abuse Adderall is a commonly abused prescription drug. It has been linked to enhanced cognitive function and academic performance, making it a popular drug among high school and college students. Non-medical use of Adderall has a high potential for abuse and dependency as well as potential adverse effects. Misuse of a prescription drug involves: Taking medicine in a way or dose other than what is prescribed (such as crushing pills, snorting the powder, or dissolving the powder from a capsule into the water and injecting the liquid into a vein, etc)Taking someone else’s prescriptionTaking medicine to get high, rather than to reduce symptoms Misuse of Adderall increases the likelihood of an overdose. It also increases the risk of a substance use disorder. A 2016 study published in The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry found that nonmedical use of Adderall by adults had gone up by 67 percent and emergency department visits involving Adderall went up by 156 percent between 2006 and 2011. The prevalence of Adderall abuse may be underreported, however. A 2017 study published in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, however, found that Adderall abuse may be underreported in surveys. In a study of almost 25,000 high school students, 28 percent of students who used Adderall denied that they used the drug, suggesting that amphetamine abuse may be greatly underreported in surveys. In a 2008 study published in The Journal of American College Health, 34 percent of students reported the illegal use of ADHD stimulants. Most students reported using them during times of high academic stress and they said the pills helped reduce fatigue and increase reading comprehension, cognition, and memory. Many of the students had little information about the risks associated with stimulant abuse. They said the drugs were easy to access and felt that abusing them was stigma-free. Some people report abusing Adderall in an effort to offset the effects of alcohol. Individuals who take Adderall may report not getting as drunk as they normally would. This can cause them to drink more alcohol, which can lead to serious impairments or even death from alcohol poisoning. Chronic abuse may lead to symptoms such as: Severe rashInsomniaIrritabilityPersonality changes Overdose Ingesting too much Adderall can have serious effects and in some cases, an overdose can lead to death. The amount that could lead to an overdose varies from person to person. Some people are more sensitive to stimulants than others. Death from amphetamine has been recorded with as low a dose as 1.5 mg/kg of weight. It can also be lethal to animals. An Adderall overdose involves excessive stimulation of the sympathetic nervous systemâ€"which is responsible for activating the fight or flight response when there’s a sign of danger. Symptoms of Adderall Overdose Mild Confusion Headaches Hyperactivity Nausea Vomiting Rapid breathing Stomach pain Severe Hallucinations Rhabdomyolysis (Breakdown of muscles) Tremors Heart attack Fever Aggressiveness Panic Death An overdose may be intentional or it could be accidental. Drug Interactions It’s possible to overdose on less than the average lethal dose if you’re taking other medications that interact with Adderall. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), for example, can increase the effects of Adderall and increase the risk of overdose. Common MAOIs include: Phenelzine (Nardil)Isocarboxazid (Marplan)Selegiline (Atapryl) Taking CYP2D6 inhibitors, while taking Adderall, can  increase the risk of serious side effects. Common CYP2D6 inhibitors include: Cinacalcet (Sensipar)Buproprion (Wellbutrin)Paroxetine (Paxil)Fluoxetine (Prozac)Quinidine (Quinidex)Ritonavir (Norvir) It’s important to talk to your doctor about any medications that you’re taking. This includes vitamins, over-the-counter medications, and nutritional supplements What to Do If You Suspect an Overdose If you suspect that you or someone else has overdosed on Adderall, seek emergency treatment immediately. If you are in the United States, call the Poison Control Center at 1-800-222-1222 or contact your local emergency services. Treatment for an overdose may involve administering activated charcoal to help absorb the medication You may also need to get your stomach pumped. In the case of serotonin syndrome, you may be given a medication to block serotonin. A Word From Verywell Adderall provides many benefits when it’s taken as prescribed. If you have concerns that you or your loved one might develop side effects or be tempted to abuse a prescription, talk to your doctor. It’s important to work closely with a doctor to ensure that treatment is safe and effective. How Can Taking Stimulants Help Your ADHD?

England Throughout History - 1724 Words

England. What is the first word you think of when you hear, England? You may think of their history and its effect. Another thought that could be is London. London is the capital and heart of England that has its own history. Throughout history England has contributed so much, good and bad. With that contribution England is one of the well most known country that is known for poise, history, and tradition. English history began in 500,000 BC with a boxgrove man from West Sussex. He was the first human known in England. In 55 BC Julius Ceasar invaded England for Rome. After Cesar took control Roman control lasted for 400 years. From 449-550 Jutes, Angles, and Saxons arrived in England and took control. In the beginning of the ninth century the Vikings came and invaded England. The Vikings controlled North and East England. In 897 Alfred the great defeated the vikings living in England. Another important date in England’s history is 1067 when the Tower of London began being structured. (England. China: CTSP, 2010. Print) In 1154 Henry II becomes the king. The next king, John became king in 1215 and signed the magna carta. 1348-49 was a hard time for England because the black death kills one third of the population. A long time after the black death was over in 1476 William Caxton set up England’s first printing service. In 1485 Henry VII is crowned the King of England. Al so during 1485 the â€Å"Act of Union† unified the England, Wales, and Scotland. The three countries wereShow MoreRelatedThe Culture Of England At Fresno State1290 Words   |  6 Pages About the Culture of England While walking throughout the halls at Fresno State, one may not realize the diversity of culture among the student body. There are many international students that attend Fresno State, and it is more common than students may think. I had the opportunity to interview one of these international students, who traveled very far from her home country in order to attend school in the United States. Esme Gullick, who came to Fresno State in order to pursue her dream of swimmingRead MoreThe Unite Kingdom ( Uk )1277 Words   |  6 Pagescoast of Europe between the Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea (The UK, 2016). Moreover, the UK has had a very robust history that began over 35,000 years ago. Currently, the UK allows its citizens to freely practice their religion of choice. Therefore, there are multiple practicing religions throughout the collection of islands. The below correspondence provides a brief history of the UK, the current and projected population, different worldviews of the re ligions present in the UK, how ChristianRead MoreEssay on A New England Town: the First Hundred Years1270 Words   |  6 PagesKenneth Lockridge, A New England Town: The First Hundred Years (New York: W. W. Norton Company, Inc., 1970) Many historical texts about the American Revolution and the events leading up to it are generalized, unspecific and do not investigate the preliminary causes of the changes America underwent before the Revolution. However, A New England Town by Professor Kenneth Lockridge attempts to describe how the colonies in America developed by following the progress of a typical Puritan colonialRead More Definition of the English Language Essay1112 Words   |  5 PagesThe history of the English language is of significance because English is spoken more frequently than any other language except Chinese, (1). English is spoken by an estimated 1,500,000,000 people, and that number is ever increasing, (2). English is the chief language of world publishing, science and technology, conferencing, and computer storage (2). The history of English can be traced to the colonization of people from a family of languages, which spread throughout EuropeRead MoreThe Tudors Effect On History Essay1306 Words   |  6 Pages Argument Persuasion Essay: The Tudors Effect on History â€Å"Nothing would be the same for any woman in this country again†¦. For everyone would know that if a wife such as Queen Katherine of England could be put aside for no reason, then any wife could be put aside.† (Gregory, 2002, 276) The Tudor dynasty was a well-known royal family during England in the 1500’s. The best known, and discussed ruler during this time was King Henry the VIII. He is known for his many wives, specifically six, and alsoRead MoreChange in the Reigning Royalty of Britain1048 Words   |  4 Pagesinstallation, James became king of not only England but Scotland and Ireland as well. James’ reign would begin a period which would spawn three civil wars and result in the execution of an English king. Problems arose quickly in the new administration of James. For example, each of the newly united countries embraced a different religion which caused conflicts. In addition, Scotland and Ireland had turbulent histories with England which cause d tensions throughout the entire reign of James I. James’ successorRead MoreHistory of Soccer783 Words   |  4 Pages07/03/2013 History Of Soccer a mobile website by saperecom Soccer School in Madrid www.intersoccerma†¦ Soccer Boarding School Internationa Fooball Academy in Madrid, Spain A Brief History Of Soccer The history of soccer reveals that this contemporary game is nearly three thousand years old. Soccer has been played all over the world and there are many older games that hold similarities to the modern understanding of soccer. The roots of soccer are a bit ambiguous, but what is known ofRead MoreWilliam the Conquerer Essay541 Words   |  3 Pagesglorious ascension to the English throne on Christmas Day, 1066. His twenty-one years as king, however, were not without toil. Several rebellions and uprisings threatened his control and leadership throughout his reign. Revered by some, yet despised by others, he asserted his authority throughout the realm. A brave fighter, a good general, a superior administrator, he gave a reasonably well-ordered and peaceful government (Adair,492). Perhaps Williams difficult childhood prepared him forRead MoreVoices of Morebath Essay1108 Words   |  5 PagesEamon Duffy about the small parish of Morebath in England during the time of the Reformation. His book is a microhistory, focusing solely on a very small and specific area in time and space. This book, like all microhistories, seeks to help the reader understand a larger area of history by showing a great amount of detail about one specific area. It helps the reader come to terms with normal daily life, and gives a more personable feeling to the history rather than cold faceless facts and statisticsRead MoreA Narrative Of The Captivity And Restoration1562 Words   |  7 Pagesand Europeans. New England colonies were typically known for the formation and development of American literature. European colonization and territorial cross-over onto Native land, sparked many of the stories written that scholars still read, to this day. Many different themes are used to characte rize the literature created during this time period. Based off of the well-known British captain, John Smith, â€Å"The New World† movie, and The General History of Virginia, New England, and the Summer Isles

White Flight Atlanta And The Making Of Modern Conservatism

The book â€Å"White Flight: Atlanta and the making of modern conservatism† by Kevin M. Kruse does not simply describes the migration of white population of European origin from racially diverse regions, it explains the reasons for the white flight, where Atlanta got an important role. Despite, its being one of the most important and of the largest scale migration in the middle of the 20th century, Kevin M. Kruse is the first who described the phenomenon in depth enough. Questioning the traditional point of view that white flight was not more than a simple migration of white population to the suburbia, this author argues that it meant a more important metamorphosis in the political beliefs of those involved. In a challenging review of American history in the postwar period, Kevin M. Kruse shows that conventional components of present-day conservatism, such as antipathy to the federal government and trust in free enterprise, were subjected to substantial changes in the time of the postwar fight against discrimination. â€Å"†¦ white southern conservatives were forced to abandon their traditional, populist, , and often starkly racist demagoguery and instead craft a new conservatism predicated on a language of rights, freedoms, and individualism. This modern conservatism proved to be both subtler and stronger than the politics that preceded it and helped southern conservatives dominate the Republic Party and, through it, national politics as well.† (Kruse, 2005, p. 6). Similarly, theShow MoreRelatedPropaganda by Edward L Bernays34079 Words   |  137 Pagescitizen may vote for whom he pleases. Our Constitution does not envisage political parties as part of the mechanism of government, and its framers seem not to have pictured to themselves the existence in our national politics of anything like the modern political machine. But the American voters soon found that without organization and direction their individual votes, cast, perhaps, for doze ns or hundreds of candidates, would produce nothing but confusion. Invisible government, in the shape of rudimentaryRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesenvironmental issues to the study of marketing. Other books, Marketing Fundamentals, Retailing, Sales Management, and Marketing Research, followed. In 1976 the first Marketing Mistakes book was published and brought a new approach to case studies, making them student-friendly and more relevant to career enhancement than existing books. In 1983, Management Mistakes was published. These books are now in the eleventh and ninth editions, respectively, and have been widely translated. In 1992 ProfessorRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesremains completely behoven to the Bible. 10. For the Rasta, the land mass of Africa, one of the poorest continents on earth, is the promised land. 11. Finally, Rastas seem to harbor a great deal of anger against white people, and yet the religion is accepted and popular among some white people. Most non-Rastafarians tend to be puzzled by the movement. And yet there is little question that it has come to deï ¬ ne Jamaican culture in ways that few people can understand. The value of examining the historyRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesengages in an imaginative way with a wealth of organizational concepts and theories as well as provides insightful examples from the practical world of organizations. The authors’ sound scholarship and transparent style of writing set the book apart, making it an ingenious read which invites reflexivity, criticalness and plurality of opinion from the audience. This is a book that will become a classic in organization studies. Mihaela L. Kelemen, Professor of Management Studies, Keele University, UK AnRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesxxii 1 2 Introduction 1 What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Individual 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Diversity in Organizations 39 Attitudes and Job Satisfaction 69 Emotions and Moods 97 Personality and Values 131 Perception and Individual Decision Making 165 Motivation Concepts 201 Motivation: From Concepts to Applications 239 3 The Group 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Foundations of Group Behavior 271 Understanding Work Teams 307 Communication 335 Leadership 367 Power and Politics 411 Conflict and NegotiationRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pagescompanies at a far faster rate than would have been the case if there had been no boom; that is, without those effects, innovation might not have taken place at all. All this business growth has caused increasing complexity in business action and decision making. It has presented chief executive officers (CEOs) and management leaders in all markets and industries with new intricacies in deciding how to weigh and time the business decisions—and the quality of those decisions—that increasingly challenge theirRead More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 PagesThey become statistics problems only when a context gives them meaning and allows for interpretation. While this makes for a text that may appear à ¢â‚¬Å"wordy† when compared to traditional mathematics texts, it is a critical and necessary component of a modern statistics text. Examples and exercises with overly simple settings do not allow students to practice interpreting results in authentic situations or give students the experience necessary to be able to use statistical methods in real settings. We

Managed Care SLP Free Essays

As the second assignment towards completing the Session Long Project, please answer the following in your own words: 1. What is accreditation? 2. Why is it important? 3. We will write a custom essay sample on Managed Care SLP or any similar topic only for you Order Now What organizations accredit managed care organizations in the U.S.? 4. What is involved in the accreditation process? (In other words, what do they look at? Do they make site visits? 5. What is the accreditation status of your health care provider organization (hospital, clinic, treatment facility, etc†¦)? If you are not covered under a managed care plan, identify any managed care plan and explain its accreditation status. Limit your responses to 1-2 pages. Be sure to properly cite all references. The following Web sites will help you complete this assignment: Glossary of managed care terms What is accreditation? National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA) What is NCQA Why is accreditation important? Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (managed care accreditation information). http://www.jointcommission.org/AboutUs/joint_commission_facts.htm http://www.jointcommission.org/HTBAC/benefits_accreditation.htm JCAHO Quality Check to look up accreditation status of facilities www.qualitycheck.org/consumer/searchQCR.aspx URAC http://www.urac.org/consumer_how.asp Frequently Asked Questions about Accreditation http://web.ncqa.org/tabid/65/Default.aspx http://www.jointcommission.org/AccreditationPrograms/Networks/mco_facts.htm http://www.urac.org/healthcare/accreditation/ Other resources to help with the assignment: http://www.ncqa.org/communications/news/clas.htm What is accreditation? Accreditation is a procedure in which a neutral organization reviews the standards of care provided by the company.   This process would make sure that the business performed by the company is done as per the standards laid down. Why is it important? The public is ensured that the standards of quality is maintained whilst providing medical care There is some amount of healthy competition in the market There is a reductions in risks Patient safety levels are improved Negligence is reduced Good practices are encouraged The process of reviewing the operational activities of the company is performed Staff recruitment and development may be encouraged The company may be brought into Medicare certification without undergoing a different review process Insurers and third parties would automatically recognize the company is accreditation is present Some states require that a company achieve accreditation so that it could meet the regulatory body’s requirements Structure and functions in the organization is maintained What organizations accredit managed care organizations in the U.S.? Accreditation of managed care organizations in the US is brought about by certain accreditation organizations such as the URAC, Joint Commission and the NCQA.   However, an accreditation organization would be accrediting different types of healthcare organizations.   The organization may be accrediting all the services of the company or a particular service.   Once the company meets certain standards imposed by the accreditations organization, it would receive certification. What is involved in the accreditation process? (In other words, what do they look at? Do they make site visits? Before an organization applies for accreditation, it would have to conduct a thorough self-check by ensuring it meets with the standards provided by the accreditation organization. At least some changes would be required.   The entire process of accreditation should be taking about 4 to 6 months.   An application for accreditation is submitted by the healthcare organization.   The reviewers at the accreditation organization conduct a thorough review of the details in the application. This may be an examination of the certificates or an onsite review.   Changes may be required to meet the standards.   Depending on the ability of the company to meet these standards, accreditation is provided. What is the accreditation status of your health care provider organization (hospital, clinic, treatment facility, etc.)? If you are not covered under a managed care plan, identify any managed care plan and explain its accreditation status. The company that I work in is accredited by some of the top accreditation organizations in the US.   I do subscribe to a managed care plan, which has been accredited by the Joint Commission.   The Joint Commission looks into several standards provided by the HMO including performance, health promotion, disease prevention, utilization, management of information, education process, HR management, etc.   The Joint Commission interviews the administrative procedures concerned with the plan and the various HR.   The documents are constantly reviewed and the ability to meet with the standards is determined. References: NCQA. â€Å"About NCQA.† 2007. NCQA. 21 Jul. 2007 http://web.ncqa.org/tabid/65/Default.aspx The Joint Commission. â€Å"Benefits of Joint Commission Accreditation.† 2007. Joint Commission. 21 Jul. 2007 http://www.jointcommission.org/HTBAC/benefits_accreditation.htm The Joint Commission. â€Å"Facts about The Joint Commission.† 2007. Joint Commission. 21 Jul. 2007 http://www.jointcommission.org/AboutUs/joint_commission_facts.htm The Joint Commission. â€Å"Facts about Managed Care Organization Accreditation.† 2007. Joint Commission. 21 Jul. 2007 URAC. â€Å"General Questions About URAC Accreditation.† 2007. URAC. 21 Jul. 2007 http://www.urac.org/healthcare/accreditation/ How to cite Managed Care SLP, Essay examples

Spiritual Healing Essay Example For Students

Spiritual Healing Essay An Exploration of Spiritual HealingThroughout time, mankind has constantly been seeking ways to maintain their health and to cure those that had not been so fortunate in that task. Just about everything has been experimented with as a cure for some type of illness; whether physical or mental. There is also a third type of illness that can and is addressed, which is healing on the spiritual plan. According to research, most of the spiritual healers are concentrated in primitive societies and undeveloped areas of the world. However, there are still undertones of reliance on spiritual healing in modern medicine today and there are some in civilized, well developed parts of the world that have rejected modern medicine all together and adopted alternative healing methods.Even a person who does not believe in a higher being actually takes part in this type cure simply by allowing the chemical medicines in his/her body to mend what is wrong. No matter what class of society a person is in, n o matter how advanced that particular country is, there will always be traces of spiritual healing if not all-out practicing of it; and it is and will continue to be a significant part of any healing process, large or small. We will write a custom essay on Spiritual Healing specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now There are numerous names for spiritual healers, but for simplicitys sake and the fact that the concentration is on American Indian Medicine, all spiritual healers will be lumped together as Shaman unless otherwise specified. This does not mean that all healers will hold the same beliefs, or that a particular belief is not even held by a group known as Shamans, but rather a different type of healer. The grouping is just so that a detailed and confusing explaination of all the subsections of healers. If necessary, there will be specifications. Again , for clarification, definitions are provided to clear up any confusion. A Shaman is a person anchored securely in both the physical world and the spiritual realm a mediator if you will(Shamanism 1). Therefore, Shamanism is a way of life revolving around interaction of the spiritual and physical worlds(Shamanism).The Shaman does not solely exist as other humans do; they lead a totally different life in conjunction with their earthly duties within their tribe. The two are not separate by any means; one has direct impact on the other, or so it is believed by those who study this form of healing. Mr. Mircea Eliade voiced the idea of one (wo)man wearing so many hats at one time: For, of course, the shaman is also a magician and a medicine man; he is believed to cure, like all doctors, and to perform miracles of the fakir type, like all magicians, whether primitive or modern. But beyond this, he is a psychopomp, and he may also be a priest, mystic, and poet(Shamanism). Illness, according to shamans, all begins on the spiritual plane(Griffin). If left unchecked, then the spiritual disturbance manifests itself as a physical malady. A large part of the healing process is to remove barriers within the body to allow the impurities to leave the body, and to incourage the body to heal itself. The energy is channeled through the healer from a higher source like a conductor into the patient and in turn the malevolent entity/ distur bance is pulled into the healer to get rid of, as described by a certified healer in witchcraft(Griffin). To remove the disturbance, different shamans have different techniques. However, the purpose is identical and the end result usually come out about the same frequency of success to failures. There are countless documentations of a shaman sucking an evil spirit from the body of the affected person. Depending on the shamans particular style, the spirit may be spat out in the form of saliva or a small mass, sometimes with blood on it(Vogel 16). Along those same lines, bitter medicines are administered to the patient in order to make the body an unpleasant living environment for the evil being and so it will leave(16). Other times, the ill-stricken person is not possessed by an evil spirit, but rather, has a disturbance on the spiritual plane. This usually is the result of an emotional imbalance within the body and can be mended fairly easily. Rattles, drums, and singing are thought to help restabilize the imbalance by first disrupting the harmony of the imbalance, removing it, and refilling the empty space with compatible vibrations(16). The energy used to refill the area cleaned of the imbalance acts as a spiritual scar tissue and mends the fragmented ends together. .u49a809269048a820a59c12e3e317f7ad , .u49a809269048a820a59c12e3e317f7ad .postImageUrl , .u49a809269048a820a59c12e3e317f7ad .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u49a809269048a820a59c12e3e317f7ad , .u49a809269048a820a59c12e3e317f7ad:hover , .u49a809269048a820a59c12e3e317f7ad:visited , .u49a809269048a820a59c12e3e317f7ad:active { border:0!important; } .u49a809269048a820a59c12e3e317f7ad .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u49a809269048a820a59c12e3e317f7ad { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u49a809269048a820a59c12e3e317f7ad:active , .u49a809269048a820a59c12e3e317f7ad:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u49a809269048a820a59c12e3e317f7ad .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u49a809269048a820a59c12e3e317f7ad .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u49a809269048a820a59c12e3e317f7ad .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u49a809269048a820a59c12e3e317f7ad .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u49a809269048a820a59c12e3e317f7ad:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u49a809269048a820a59c12e3e317f7ad .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u49a809269048a820a59c12e3e317f7ad .u49a809269048a820a59c12e3e317f7ad-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u49a809269048a820a59c12e3e317f7ad:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Light: A Fundamental Force In Our World EssayThere are many other forms of spiritual healing designed to help regain the balance of someone who is ill. During an interview with a spiritual healer from the Witchcraft religion, other types of procedures were described: Auric therapy, dealing with the flow of the aura; aromatic therapy that uses different scents to invoke healing; chromatic and hydro-chromatic, which is the use of colors and water colors, respectively as therapy, and medicinal herbalism. There is also a therapy style called raki-healing, which is the actions most think of when they mentally picture a spiritual healer. It is a combination of channeling energy and massage. There was an opportunity to experience this particular type of healing during the interview. In order to do what they do, shaman must not confine themselves to the physical world. Sometimes, mostly, the soul leaves the body to ascend into the sky to visit the heavens or down into the earth to the underworld. This is called a Shamanistic Flight one when the shaman travels beyond the limitations of the physical body(Global 1). In addition to traveling to other worlds, Shamans also enlist the help of different fetishes. These fetishes are believed in some circles to provide the Shaman with his/ her healing power. The fetishes are representations of the animal spirit medicine men( Magic 267). Combining the two, there is an act called a parashamanistic technique.There are actually four of them; all involve direct intercourse with the supernatural world. However, only one is characterized by the spirit-possession trance. In this trance, the healing spirit takes over the shama ns body(194). There are innumerable ways to be chosen to be a shaman: near-death experience, a mental calling, have a tendency, etc. Those are just some of the most common. The common thread throughout is that once (s)he has been chosen, they must be trained. There are special taboos that must be learned in order to become a shaman, but not all of these teachings hold constant through the different tribes.For instance, there are several taboos concerning eating; forbidden to eat outside and cannot eat head, heart, intestines, or liver of an animal(Magic 194). Some tribes have their young shaman refrain from sexual relations, although other cultures allow marriages. It is even accepted in other tribes that the shaman be a transvestite, marry a man that has a wife, do wife jobs as well as be a shaman, and have homosexual relations. There is also a secret vocabulary of the shaman that must be learned and special techniques concerning their function within society(194). Once they have been trained in all the ways of the Shaman, then it is then time for the novice shaman to receive the paraphinalia of the trade. There is precious little the shaman actually needs to perform his task. From his parents, he receives a headdress and a belt( Magic 194). From the instructor, the young Shaman receives his first tunraq (this is an Eskimo custom). A tunraq is a protective spirit to watch over the shaman and to help him with his needs. Additional tunraqs can be given by other shaman for some service done for another, or by following the spirits on volition(194). This young shaman, though his training, went through several levels of mental suffering and trance in order to arrive at a new normality and reintegration into the society he was isolated from for years(Gelfund 132). this pain authenticates the young shamans contact with the spirit world(132). There is so much talk of the shaman going away to learn, going away to heal, that one might forget that the shaman are an integral part of the community. They concentrate mainly on curing the ill and rainmaking rather than getting involved in the government of the tribe. They are, however, looked to for advice for the leadership of the community. This is because one of the role of a shaman is to be a guardian of the well-being of the tribe, ensuring continuing fertility and health(Magic 264). Then again, shaman do not rely totally on the spiritual realm for healing. They learn considerable knowledge in first aid and herbal cures for natural diseases. This means that they do not lack empirical knowledge (knowledge gathered from trial and error) and experimental technique(264). Shaman use both learned knowledge and spiritual knowledge to cure those that they come in contact with. Even the interaction between three components of a healing patient, shaman, and public made a considerable difference in the healing. This is called the Shamanistic Complex(Magic 35). The Shaman undergoes specific states of a psychosomatic nature, the sick person who may or may not experience improvement in their condition, and the public, which is experiencing an enthusiasm and intellectual and emotional satisfaction, which provides collective support(35). This support perpetuates shamanistic healings, and starts the cycle all over again. .uddf1389c84c83f14bf0b50368135d0b7 , .uddf1389c84c83f14bf0b50368135d0b7 .postImageUrl , .uddf1389c84c83f14bf0b50368135d0b7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uddf1389c84c83f14bf0b50368135d0b7 , .uddf1389c84c83f14bf0b50368135d0b7:hover , .uddf1389c84c83f14bf0b50368135d0b7:visited , .uddf1389c84c83f14bf0b50368135d0b7:active { border:0!important; } .uddf1389c84c83f14bf0b50368135d0b7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uddf1389c84c83f14bf0b50368135d0b7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uddf1389c84c83f14bf0b50368135d0b7:active , .uddf1389c84c83f14bf0b50368135d0b7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uddf1389c84c83f14bf0b50368135d0b7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uddf1389c84c83f14bf0b50368135d0b7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uddf1389c84c83f14bf0b50368135d0b7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uddf1389c84c83f14bf0b50368135d0b7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uddf1389c84c83f14bf0b50368135d0b7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uddf1389c84c83f14bf0b50368135d0b7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uddf1389c84c83f14bf0b50368135d0b7 .uddf1389c84c83f14bf0b50368135d0b7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uddf1389c84c83f14bf0b50368135d0b7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Gilded Age EssayThe whole process of healing, whether modern medicine or alternative, comes out as being at least in part spiritual healing. The theme of having healers come and remove beings from an ill body, or smooth out an imbalance is a constantly reoccurring theme in the medicinal practices of every primitive religion and society. Still, there are distinct traces left in modern culture that suggest there is something more than primitive, uncivilized superstition. Works CitedGelfund, Michael. Witch Doctor. New York: Fredrick A. Praeger, Inc., Publishers, 1964. 132-33. Griffin, Michelle. Personal Interview. 18 November 1997. Magic, Witchcraft, and Curing. Ed. John Middleton. Garden City, New York: The Natural History Press, 1967. Vogel, Virgil J. American Indian Medicine. Oklahoma University: Oklahoma University Press, 1973. Shamanism: a definition of sorts. Earth Dance Society. n. pag. Online. Internet. 17 Nov. 1997. What is Shamanism?. Global Spirituality. 1.1 Online. Internet. 17 Nov. 1997Miscellaneous